CNHRA PERSON RECORD · CNHRA-P-379981
Li Qiaochu
Born
Unknown
Occupation
Labor and women’s rights researcher
Role
Civil Society Activist
Record ID
CNHRA-P-379981
Visual Records

Li Qiaochu delivering remarks on accepting the PEN Freedom to Write Award on Xu Zhiyong’s behalf in December 2020, according to the source.
Biography
Li Qiaochu is a researcher on labor and gender and a feminist advocate. Her work concerns workers, migrants, women and detained rights defenders. During the displacement of migrant workers in Beijing in 2017, she compiled and circulated employment and housing information.[3]
From 2018, Li collected sexual-harassment cases and published accounts online. Early in the pandemic she joined volunteers distributing free masks to Beijing sanitation workers, helped pregnant women in quarantine areas find doctors, and organized support for people experiencing domestic violence.[8]
Li was taken from a Beijing residence on February 16, 2020, placed under residential surveillance at a designated location and returned home on June 19. In 120 Days in Secret Detention, she described prolonged enforced sitting, continuous lighting and questioning, and recalled her work coordinating Wuhan pandemic volunteers before detention.[5]
In 2020 she accepted the PEN/Barbey Freedom to Write Award on behalf of the detained Xu Zhiyong, calling for continued attention to free expression and civil rights. PEN America preserves her acceptance remarks.[9]
Before she was taken into custody again in February 2021, Li had publicly described alleged abuse of Xu Zhiyong and raised the issue with authorities in Linyi. Her family and lawyers subsequently sought visits, bail and medical care.[1][3]
In February 2024 she received three years and eight months in prison and two years’ deprivation of political rights. Front Line Defenders reported that the court cited her assistance with Xu Zhiyong’s blog. The judgment was upheld on July 26, and she returned home to Beijing on August 3 after completing the sentence.[1][3]
In October 2025, Li described difficulties corresponding with Xu Zhiyong: a July letter required revision but remained undelivered after resubmission, prompting multiple applications and legal submissions.[6]
Case Summary
Taken again on February 6, 2021, Li was formally arrested on March 14. The case went through prosecutorial review and supplementary investigation, followed by indictment on February 28, 2022. Front Line Defenders reported that the accusation concerned her assistance with Xu Zhiyong’s blog.[3]
Hearings in June and December 2023 involved defense objections concerning evidence, recusal and representation. In February 2024 she received three years and eight months and two years’ deprivation of political rights; Amnesty dates sentencing to February 5 and Front Line Defenders to February 4. The appeal was rejected on July 26, and she returned home on August 3.[1][3]
Timeline
2017
Assists displaced migrant workers
Compiles and circulates employment and housing information for migrant workers displaced in Beijing.[3]
2020
Participates in early-pandemic mutual aid
Helped coordinate support for sanitation workers, pregnant women and domestic-violence survivors.[8]
2020-02-16
Detained under RSDL
Li was taken from a Beijing residence and placed under RSDL; she later published an account of the detention.[1]
2020-06-19
Returns home after first secret detention
Li returned to her parents’ home after her first secret detention. Her later account describes comparing their experiences during the period without contact.[5]
2021-01-12
English translation of detention account published
China Change published the translation; its byline is dated January 11.
The account describes detention from February 16 to June 19, 2020, including continuous lighting, prolonged enforced sitting and questioning. The translation appeared before her renewed detention in February 2021. The period described, the translation’s publication and the later prosecution are distinct; publication does not mark a new detention episode.[5]
2021-02-06
Taken into custody again
Front Line Defenders records her disappearance from contact and transfer to Linyi after she publicly described alleged abuse of Xu Zhiyong.[3]
2021-02-19
Lawyer requests a visit
Front Line Defenders records a request for access and advice that Li is in quarantine at a local hospital.[3]
2021-03-14
Formally arrested
Front Line Defenders records prosecutorial approval of formal arrest on an inciting-subversion accusation.[3]
2021-08-13
Prosecutors confirm case received for review
Linyi prosecutors confirm receipt of the case from police for prosecutorial review.[3]
2021-09-28
Returned for supplementary investigation
Linyi prosecutors return the case to police for supplementary investigation.[3]
2022-02-28
Indicted
Front Line Defenders reports an indictment for inciting subversion by Linyi prosecutors.[3]
2022-07-01
New lawyer obtains a visit
A newly retained lawyer meets Li in Linyi and requests regular, adequate medical care.[3]
2023-06-20
Trial begins
A closed hearing begins at Linyi Intermediate Court; Front Line Defenders reports objections concerning security checks, evidence and recusal, followed by suspension of proceedings.
Front Line Defenders records defense objections involving evidence, recusal and representation, followed by another hearing on December 19. The accusation concerned assistance with Xu Zhiyong’s blog; her wider mutual-aid and gender advocacy should not automatically be treated as alleged offenses. Sources differ by a day on the February 2024 sentence, so the profile retains month-level precision.[3][1]
2023-12-19
Further hearing
Front Line Defenders records a hearing at the Economic and Technological Development District Court in Linyi without a verdict that day; her father and one lawyer are denied access.[3]
2024-02
Sentenced to three years and eight months
2024-07-26
Appeal rejected
Front Line Defenders’ follow-up records confirmation of the judgment and sentence on appeal.[3]
2024-08-03
Returns home on sentence completion
Front Line Defenders records Li’s return from Linyi to her Beijing home after completing three years and eight months.[3]
2025-10-12
Account of blocked correspondence published
Li published Waiting for a Letter, describing her July letter, revision and attempts to resolve its withholding.
She wrote that a letter sent to Lunan Prison in July was returned for amendment and still not delivered after resubmission, leading to information-disclosure, procuratorial-supervision and administrative-review applications. An October 16 follow-up reported receipt of a letter from Xu. That development does not establish delivery of the previously withheld letter or the removal of all correspondence restrictions.[6][7]
2025-10-16
Reported receipt of a letter from Xu
Safeguard Defenders reports receipt of Xu’s letter confirming delivery of two September letters, but not the July letter.[7]
Related Events
Documents
Sources
- [1]
CNHRA-S-910267Amnesty International
Evidence location: Opening paragraphs and Background on Li Qiaochu; wording of the charge differs between the opening and background sections.
- [2]
CNHRA-S-327595Amnesty International
Evidence location: Other human rights activists list: Li Qiaochu’s release in August 2024; month precision only in this source.
- [3]
CNHRA-S-943390Front Line Defenders
Evidence location: Follow-up describing 3 August 2024 return home and 26 July appeal, and 2021 procedural updates.
- [4]
CNHRA-S-982381Wikimedia Commons
Evidence location: File description, creator, licensing section and photograph; webpage dates are not treated as capture dates.
- [5]
CNHRA-S-779374China Change
Evidence location: Byline January 11; opening and return-home passages describe February 16 to June 19, 2020.
- [6]
CNHRA-S-790474李翘楚 / Freedom is not Free
Evidence location: Body: letter written July 8, resent July 30, reported withholding August 26 and nine legal submissions.
- [7]
CNHRA-S-979718Safeguard Defenders
Evidence location: Waiting for a letter and UPDATE: reported receipt on October 16 and reconsideration result on October 18.
- [8]
CNHRA-S-101815Human Rights Watch
Evidence location: Paragraphs on 2017 housing aid, harassment documentation from 2018 and pandemic volunteering.
- [9]
CNHRA-S-018668PEN America
Evidence location: Award feature and Li Qiaochu’s Acceptance Remarks on Behalf of Xu Zhiyong.